How to grow peppers

Abstract Seeds: Disinfect the pepper seeds for 4 hours with trisodium phosphate solution, and soak them in clean water for 8 hours before removing them. 

Germination: In the summer, the temperature will be 60-70 hours at about 30 ℃ to germinate. 

Plug tray: 72 seedlings per tray. 

Fertilization: Fertilize appropriately after pumping the third leaf. 

Management: After growing, use a small stick to fix the pepper tree, prevent branching and lodging, and usually prevent high temperature and drought. Prevention of diseases and insect pests: protection against aphids, whiteflies, mites, scabs, and bacterial wilt.

Chili is an indispensable seasoning food for many dishes in the south. In many families, chili is grown for convenience. The most planted is rural. Basically, every household will plant dozens of chili trees. You can be self-sufficient, and many can get a fair price at the market. Let's introduce the pepper cultivation techniques below.

How to grow pepper

1. Find some containers first. The container should not be too large, otherwise it cannot be moved in the future; it should not be too small, otherwise the pepper tree will grow up, it is likely to be top-heavy and shallow, and it will fall. Many households have a variety of discarded or broken containers, most of which are mostly pots and buckets, which can be used to grow vegetables.

2. In terms of container selection, many households are dominated by plastic containers. In fact, growing vegetables in plastic containers has long been unscientific and unhealthy. Plastics have a lifespan. When the plastic containers are aged, they are likely to produce a series of harmful substances, such as dioxins. Once these substances enter the vegetables, they must also enter the human body. Therefore, it is recommended that qualified households choose ceramic containers such as tiles and pots to grow peppers.

3. Then pierce the bottom of the found container to prevent over-watering the chili and failing to drain it, resulting in waterlogging death. However, after making holes in the container, muddy water will often leak out, and it is easy to dirty the balcony and other places. Therefore, if the rain cannot reach the place, as long as you can grasp the watering, you can not make holes in the bottom of the container If the peppers are placed on the top of the building, etc., the container must be pierced with holes at the bottom, otherwise it is easy to flood the peppers in heavy rain.

4. The next step is to find cultivation soil. Try to find those soils that are rich in humus. These soils are fertile and can be fertilized less or even without fertilization. If you can't find fertile soil, look for the soil that has been exposed to the sun, wind and rain, and try not to choose deep soil. Note that it is better to use barren soil instead of greed to fertilize the soil and use garbage piled soil. The current domestic garbage is mixed with too much waste that is harmful to the human body.

5. The next step is to fill the soil. After installing a part, press it firmly for a while, and then continue to load and press the soil until it is full, and then lay it flat. Do not fill the soil too much. Keep the soil surface at a distance of about 5 cm from the mouth of the container. This way you can prevent the pouring of cement soil from flowing out later. Too tight, not conducive to growth.

6. After loading the soil, it is best not to rush to seed, but to sterilize first, and then sow three days after sterilizing. Sterilization can be sprayed with carbendazim diluent, but the safety interval of carbendazim medicine is relatively long, up to one month. If it is contaminated with other vegetables at home, it is unhealthy for health. Therefore, the more green and environmental protection is to sprinkle lime powder ( After sprinkling, spray with clean water).

7. Before sowing, soak the pepper seeds in clean water for about 8 hours to facilitate germination. Sprinkle the seeds on the surface of the soil, and then drench the seeds in the cracks. After that, water every day from time to time to keep the soil moist, and it will be able to germinate and take root in about five days, depending on the actual conditions such as temperature and humidity. Do not water too much during the germination period, otherwise it is easy to overturn the pepper seeds in the roots.

8. If there are more peppers to be planted, you can concentrate on raising seedlings, sowing the seeds in a container, and then transplanting them into each container to reduce the management of seedling stage. If there are fewer peppers planted, live seeding can be carried out, and each container is sown to prevent future transplants from inhibiting pepper growth. It should be noted that even if it is live broadcast, each container must be sown with a few seeds, not a single seed, to prevent non-germination or weak seedlings.

9. From the time of seed germination to the growth of two true leaves, only water and no fertilization. When the third leaf starts to be pumped, you can put a compound fertilizer for each pepper tree or a special fertilizer for vegetables and fruits, once every 4 days. When the pepper tree grows six leaves, it can be transplanted. If it is not transplanted, it is necessary to carry out thinning. Remove the weak seedlings and excessive seedlings, leaving only the strongest one. After that, fertilize once every half a month, and sprinkle several compound fertilizers at a time, depending on the growth of the leaf surface to add fertilizer or lose weight. Peppers are not resistant to waterlogging or cold, so just keep the soil slightly moist. When the pepper grows tall, it may not be able to support its branches and leaves. Therefore, use a small stick to fix the pepper tree to prevent branching and lodging.

Notes on growing summer peppers

1. Prevent the harm of insects. Summer is a season when various insect pests occur seriously. For peppers, aphids, whiteflies, tobacco worms, mites and other insect pests are relatively many. It is necessary to strengthen prevention from the beginning. In particular, the harm of mites in summer is relatively common, which often leaves the top buds of peppers bare and unable to grow normally.

2. Viral disease is a kind of disease with a high incidence in the production of pepper in summer. The hot and high temperature in summer can easily induce the incidence of pepper virus, increase the incidence of viral disease, and increase the degree of virus. To prevent and control viral diseases, the occurrence of insect pests such as whitefly, aphids, etc. should be timely controlled to reduce the spread of viral diseases. Promptly spray drugs to prevent and control viral diseases.

3. Summer is also an easy season for many other diseases, such as scab, bacterial wilt, sunburn, etc., which brings difficulties to pepper production.

4. The growth time of summer peppers is the stage of applying herbicides to corn. The herbicides applied to these corns have caused serious impact on the peppers. After being affected by the herbicides, the leaves of the peppers wrinkled, the leaves became smaller, and the tops shrunk. Just like the symptoms of a viral disease, it seriously affects the normal growth and results of peppers, and can even cause a childbirth. Therefore, where herb peppers are grown, try not to use herbicides.

5. Peppers are afraid of waterlogging, and summer rains are diligent, especially the impact of hot rain on peppers is more severe, it is easy to make peppers root, causing a variety of root diseases, resulting in dead pepper plants. Therefore, when planting peppers in summer, it must be well drained and planted with high ridges.

6. The high temperature in summer is also unfavorable to the flowering and pollination of pepper. There is much rain, the pollen can not be scattered or the pollination is sterile, it is easy to cause the pepper to fall and the fruit is serious.

7. High temperature and drought in summer, or humid and rainy, which also increase the requirements for the supply of fertilizer and water for the cultivation and management of peppers.

How to breed pepper seedlings in summer

1. Seed treatment: After selecting the species, first expose the seeds for 4 hours, then disinfect them with trisodium phosphate solution, and then soak them in clean water for about 8 hours. After removing it, let it dry and prepare for germination.

2. Normal temperature germination: Now the room temperature is generally around 30 ℃, which is the appropriate temperature for germination. Wrap the soaked seeds with cotton cloth, and then wrap a layer of plastic film to moisturize. Rinse the seeds with clean water every half a ring, then wrap the seeds to germinate, and germinate in about 60 to 70 hours. It is best to cultivate when the bud is about 3 mm long (referred to as seed dew) at this moment; if it cannot be cultivated in time, the seeds should be stored at about 8 ° C and the cultivation conditions should be invented as soon as possible.

3. Preparation of plug trays: use special nursery media. Each bag can hold 12 trays with 72 hole trays, and each tray can raise 72 seedlings. Vegetable farmers can calculate the number of nursery trays and seedling media required according to their own needs. . Mix the nursery medium with the appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, special biological micro-fertilizer and other trace elements, add water and mix it evenly, then fill the tray and level it (scrape it with a vertical board) to cultivate.

4. Prevent high temperature: After cultivating, pour the pot plate with water and spray Splicer in combination, and then cover the mulching film to moisturize. At this moment, you should pay attention to the shade and cool down, to prevent the seeds from being steamed and affecting the emergence. At this moment, the day temperature should be below 30 ℃, and the night temperature should be below 18 ℃. The film can be removed when about 80% of the seedlings emerge. With the growth of the wheat seedlings, the time for covering the shade net can be shortened, which is more conducive to the growth of the wheat seedlings.

5. Prevent drought: After cultivating seedlings, always pay attention to the humidity of the seedbed, do not over-humidity or over-drying, many vegetable farmers fear the seedlings are too long and control the sprinkling water to form the plug tray overheating drought. Ability to form weak seedlings, easy to get sick. Therefore, it is appropriate to sprinkle water, and the sprinkling time should be on the sunny morning.

6. Prevent the seedlings from becoming long: No matter what crop plants are long, the weak photosynthesis is not possible due to light conditions, high temperature, high humidity, etc. The main reason for the summer pepper seedling nursery Zhang is due to the high night temperature, strong respiration, and excessive nutrition, and then the nitrogen fertilizer and sufficient water form the seedlings. In addition, the seedlings are too dense to block each other's sunlight, which affects photosynthesis. Therefore, to prevent the seedlings from becoming long, the first thing to do is to prevent the night temperature from being too high and the humidity in the tray to be too high. Secondly, apply less nitrogen fertilizer when pouring fertilizers. Ventilation and light transmission enhance photosynthesis to prevent the seedlings from becoming long.

7. Prevent rainstorm damage: If the seedbed is set in the shed, one film and two nets cover method is generally used (plastic film plus sunshade net and insect net). When there is heavy rain, the shed film can be pulled down and buried to prevent rain The leaching of the seedlings and the rain convey the germs.

8. Prevention of pests and diseases: At this stage, the external environment is more conducive to the occurrence of pests, so the prevention and control of pests should also be strengthened. For example, a tight insect-proof net is set up in the nursery shed; the tendency of the pests is used to set up yellow plates to attract aphids, whitefly, and blue plates to kill thrips;

How to transplant and plant pepper seedlings

1. Start to sprinkle the chili seeds in the pots, pour water and cover with plastic cloth, then, pour water once again in a few days, usually once every 2 to 3 days, about 10 days, the chili seeds begin to sprout After that, you can open the plastic cloth on a sunny day and water it when it is dry.

2. When it rains on a cloudy day, you can dig out the pepper seedlings in the flower pots with a shovel, and then gently break apart the seedlings with your hands, so that the roots are best equipped with root soil. Dig a small hole in the place where the pepper seedling needs to be cultivated, and the depth is longer (deeper) than the root length of the pepper seedling, which is conducive to the survival of the seedling.

3. Then place the pepper seedlings (with root soil) in the middle of the small pit, and then fill the surrounding soil with the shovel in the pit (pay attention to correcting the pepper seedlings). Then press the soil around the pepper seedlings with your hand or tap with a shovel to make the pepper seedlings grow more firmly in the soil without loosening. Finally, add water around the cultivated pepper seedlings, so that it is easy to fully integrate the seedling roots with the soil, which is conducive to survival and growth.

Through the introduction above, you should have some understanding of growing peppers. Although the editor has a lot of verbosity in the text, please do n’t be scared by it. In fact, peppers are easy to grow and can withstand high temperatures. Drought, if you want your peppers to harvest, you need to fertilize them well.